Uphando lwamva nje kwiiPaneli zePhotovoltaic

Okwangoku, abaphandi basebenza kwiindawo ezintathu eziphambili zophando lwe-photovoltaics: i-crystalline silicon, i-perovskites kunye neeseli zelanga eziguquguqukayo.Ezi ndawo zintathu ziyancedisana, kwaye zinamandla okwenza iteknoloji ye-photovoltaic iphumelele ngakumbi.

I-crystalline silicon yeyona nto isetyenziswa kakhulu kwi-semiconducting imathiriyeli kwiiphaneli zelanga.Nangona kunjalo, ukusebenza kwayo kungaphantsi kakhulu komda wethiyori.Ke ngoko, abaphandi baqalisile ukugxila ekuphuhliseni iiPVs zekristale eziphambili.I-National Renewable Energy Laboratory ngoku igxile ekuphuhliseni i-III-V yezinto ezininzi ezilindeleke ukuba zibe namanqanaba okusebenza ukuya kuma-30%.

I-Perovskites luhlobo olutsha olutsha lweseli yelanga esandul 'ukuboniswa ukuba iyasebenza kwaye iyasebenza.Ezi zixhobo zikwabizwa ngokuba yi "photosynthetic complexes."Ziye zasetyenziselwa ukwandisa ukusebenza kakuhle kweeseli zelanga.Kulindeleke ukuba zenze urhwebo kwiminyaka embalwa ezayo.Xa kuthelekiswa ne-silicon, i-perovskites ayithengi kwaye inoluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo ezinokubakho.

I-Perovskites inokudibaniswa kunye nezinto ze-silicon ukwenza iseli yelanga esebenzayo kunye neyomeleleyo.Iiseli ze-crystal ze-crystal ze-Perovskite zingaba neepesenti ze-20 ezisebenzayo ngakumbi kune-silicon.Izinto ze-Perovskite kunye ne-Si-PV nazo zibonise amanqanaba okusebenza okurekhodiweyo ukuya kuma-28 ekhulwini.Ukongeza, abaphandi baye bavelisa itekhnoloji ye-bifacial eyenza iiseli zelanga zikwazi ukuvuna amandla kumacala omabini ephaneli.Oku kunenzuzo ngokukodwa kwizicelo zorhwebo, njengoko kugcina imali kwiindleko zokufakela.

Ukongeza kwi-perovskites, abaphandi baphinda bahlolisise izinto ezinokuthi zisebenze njengabathwali bentlawulo okanye i-absorbers yokukhanya.Ezi zixhobo zinokunceda ukwenza iiseli zelanga zibe noqoqosho ngakumbi.Banokunceda kwakhona ukwenza iiphaneli ezingenakuchaphazeleka kancinci kumonakalo.

Abaphandi ngoku basebenza ekudaleni iseli yelanga yeTandem Perovskite esebenza kakhulu.Le seli kulindeleke ukuba ithengiselwe kwiminyaka embalwa ezayo.Abaphandi basebenzisana neSebe lezaMandla lase-US kunye neSiseko seSayensi seSizwe.

Ukongeza, abaphandi basebenza ngeendlela ezintsha zokuvuna amandla elanga ebumnyameni.Ezi ndlela ziquka i-solar distillation, esebenzisa ubushushu obuvela kwiphaneli ukucoca amanzi.Obu buchule buyavavanywa kwiYunivesithi yaseStanford.

Abaphandi baphanda nokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ze-PV ze-thermoradiative.Ezi zixhobo zisebenzisa ubushushu obuvela kwiphaneli ukuvelisa umbane ebusuku.Le teknoloji inokuba luncedo ngokukodwa kwiindawo ezibandayo apho ukusebenza kweepaneli kulinganiselwe.Ubushushu beeseli bunganyuka bube ngaphezulu kwe 25degC kuphahla olumnyama.Iiseli zinokupholiswa ngamanzi, nto leyo eyenza ukuba zisebenze ngakumbi.

Aba baphandi baye bafumanisa kutshanje ukusetyenziswa kweeseli zelanga eziguquguqukayo.Ezi panels ziyakwazi ukumelana nokuntywiliselwa emanzini kwaye zikhaphukhaphu kakhulu.Bayakwazi nokumelana nokugilwa yimoto.Uphando lwabo luxhaswa yiNkqubo ye-Eni-MIT Alliance Solar Frontiers.Baye bakwazi nokuphuhlisa indlela entsha yokuvavanya iiseli zePV.

Uphando lwamva nje kwiipaneli ze-photovoltaic lugxile ekuphuhliseni iteknoloji esebenzayo, engabizi kakhulu, kwaye ihlala ixesha elide.Ezi nzame zophando ziqhutywa luluhlu olubanzi lwamaqela e-United States nakwihlabathi jikelele.Obona buchwepheshe buthembisayo bubandakanya isizukulwana sesibini esibhityileyo seeseli zelanga kunye neeseli eziguqukayo zelanga.