Ubushakashatsi buheruka kuri Photovoltaic

Kugeza ubu, abashakashatsi barimo gukora ku bice bitatu byingenzi by’ubushakashatsi bw’amafoto: silikoni ya kristaline, perovskite hamwe n’izuba ryoroshye.Ibice bitatu byuzuzanya, kandi bifite ubushobozi bwo gukora ikoranabuhanga rya Photovoltaque kurushaho.

Crystalline silicon nikintu gikoreshwa cyane mu gice cyizuba.Ariko, imikorere yacyo iri munsi yimipaka.Kubwibyo, abashakashatsi batangiye kwibanda mugutezimbere PV igezweho.Laboratoire y’igihugu y’ingufu zishobora kongera ingufu muri iki gihe yibanda ku guteza imbere ibikoresho byinshi bya III-V biteganijwe ko bifite urwego rugera kuri 30%.

Perovskites ni ubwoko bushya bw'ingirabuzimafatizo z'izuba ziherutse kugaragara ko ari nziza kandi neza.Ibi bikoresho byitwa kandi "amafoto yububiko."Byakoreshejwe mu kongera imikorere yizuba.Biteganijwe ko bizacuruzwa mu myaka mike iri imbere.Ugereranije na silicon, perovskite irahendutse kandi ifite intera nini ishobora gukoreshwa.

Perovskites irashobora guhuzwa nibikoresho bya silicon kugirango ikore ingirabuzimafatizo izuba kandi iramba.Imirasire y'izuba ya Perovskite irashobora gukora 20 ku ijana kuruta silikoni.Ibikoresho bya Perovskite na Si-PV nabyo byagaragaje urwego rwo gukora neza rugera kuri 28%.Byongeye kandi, abashakashatsi bakoze tekinoroji ya bifacial ituma ingirabuzimafatizo zuba zisarura ingufu ziva kumpande zombi.Ibi ni ingirakamaro cyane mubikorwa byubucuruzi, kuko bizigama amafaranga kubiciro byo kwishyiriraho.

Usibye perovskite, abashakashatsi banashakisha ibikoresho bishobora gukora nk'abatwara ibicuruzwa cyangwa ibyuma bifata urumuri.Ibi bikoresho birashobora kandi gufasha gukora ingirabuzimafatizo zuba zifite ubukungu.Barashobora kandi gufasha gukora panne idashobora kwangirika kwangirika.

Muri iki gihe abashakashatsi barimo gukora ibishoboka byose kugira ngo habeho imirasire y'izuba ya Tandem Perovskite.Iyi selile biteganijwe ko izacuruzwa mumyaka ibiri iri imbere.Abashakashatsi bafatanya n’ishami ry’ingufu muri Amerika n’ikigo cy’igihugu gishinzwe ubumenyi.

Byongeye kandi, abashakashatsi barimo gukora uburyo bushya bwo gusarura ingufu z'izuba mu mwijima.Ubu buryo burimo izuba riva, rikoresha ubushyuhe buva mukibaho kugirango usukure amazi.Ubu buhanga burimo kugeragezwa muri kaminuza ya Stanford.

Abashakashatsi barimo gukora iperereza ku mikoreshereze y’ibikoresho bya PV.Ibi bikoresho bifashisha ubushyuhe buva mukibaho kugirango bitange amashanyarazi nijoro.Iri koranabuhanga rirashobora kuba ingirakamaro cyane mubihe bikonje aho imikorere ikora neza.Ubushyuhe bwa selile burashobora kwiyongera kurenza 25degC hejuru yinzu yijimye.Ingirabuzimafatizo nazo zishobora gukonjeshwa namazi, bigatuma zikora neza.

Aba bashakashatsi kandi baherutse kuvumbura imikoreshereze y'izuba ryoroshye.Izi panne zirashobora kwihanganira kwibira mumazi kandi biremereye cyane.Bashoboye kandi kwihanganira gutwarwa n'imodoka.Ubushakashatsi bwabo bushyigikiwe na Eni-MIT Alliance Solar Frontiers Program.Bashoboye kandi guteza imbere uburyo bushya bwo gupima selile PV.

Ubushakashatsi buheruka ku mashusho yerekana amafoto yibanda ku guteza imbere ikoranabuhanga rikora neza, ridahenze, kandi riramba.Izi mbaraga zubushakashatsi zirimo gukorwa nitsinda ryinshi muri Amerika ndetse no kwisi yose.Ikoranabuhanga ryizewe cyane ririmo ibisekuru bya kabiri byoroheje-firime izuba hamwe ningirabuzimafatizo zuba.