Iteganyirizwa ku isoko ryo kubika ingufu ku isi muri 2023

Amakuru y’ubucuruzi bw’Ubushinwa Amakuru: Ububiko bw'ingufu bivuga kubika ingufu z'amashanyarazi, bifitanye isano n'ikoranabuhanga n'ingamba zo gukoresha uburyo bwa shimi cyangwa umubiri bwo kubika ingufu z'amashanyarazi no kurekura igihe bikenewe.Ukurikije uburyo bwo kubika ingufu, kubika ingufu birashobora kugabanywa mububiko bwingufu za mashini, kubika ingufu za electromagnetique, kubika ingufu za electrochemic, kubika ingufu zamashanyarazi no kubika ingufu za chimique.Ububiko bwingufu burimo kuba bumwe muburyo bwingenzi bukoreshwa nibihugu byinshi mugutezimbere inzira yo kutabogama kwa karubone.Ndetse no mu gitutu cy’icyorezo cya COVID-19 no kubura amasoko, isoko rishya ryo kubika ingufu ku isi rizakomeza kugumana iterambere ryinshi mu 2021. Aya makuru yerekana ko mu mpera za 2021, ubushobozi bwo gushyira ingufu mu kubika ingufu imishinga yashyizwe mu bikorwa ku isi ni 209.4GW, yiyongereyeho 9% ku mwaka;Muri byo, ubushobozi bwashyizweho bwimishinga mishya yo kubika ingufu zashyizwe mu bikorwa ni 18.3GW, byiyongereyeho 185% umwaka ushize.Bitewe n'izamuka ry’ibiciro by’ingufu mu Burayi, biteganijwe ko icyifuzo cyo kubika ingufu kizakomeza kwiyongera mu myaka mike iri imbere, kandi ubushobozi bwo gushyira hamwe bw’imishinga yo kubika ingufu zashyizwe mu bikorwa ku isi buzagera kuri 228.8. GW mu 2023.

Icyizere cy'inganda

1. Politiki nziza

Guverinoma z’ubukungu bukomeye zafashe ingamba zo gushimangira iterambere ry’ububiko bw’ingufu.Kurugero, muri Reta zunzubumwe zamerika, inguzanyo yimisoro ya reta itanga inguzanyo yumusoro mugushiraho ibikoresho bibika ingufu kubakoresha urugo ninganda nubucuruzi.Mu Muryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi, Igishushanyo mbonera cya Batiri 2030 gishimangira ingamba zinyuranye zo gushimangira aho iterambere n’iterambere rinini ry’ikoranabuhanga ryo kubika ingufu.Mu Bushinwa, Gahunda yo Gushyira mu bikorwa Iterambere ry’Ububiko bushya bw’ingufu muri gahunda y’imyaka 14 y’imyaka itanu yatanzwe mu 2022 yashyizeho politiki n’ingamba zuzuye zo guteza imbere inganda zibika ingufu kugira ngo zinjire mu ntera nini y’iterambere.

2. Umugabane wingufu zirambye mukubyara ingufu uragenda wiyongera

Nka ingufu z'umuyaga, Photovoltaque hamwe nubundi buryo bwo gutanga amashanyarazi biterwa cyane n’ibidukikije bitanga amashanyarazi, hamwe no kwiyongera buhoro buhoro igipimo cy’ingufu nshya nk’umuyaga n’izuba, sisitemu y’amashanyarazi itanga impinga ebyiri, hejuru-ebyiri na kabiri- Uruhande rudasanzwe, rushyira imbere ibisabwa hejuru yumutekano n’umutekano wa gride, kandi isoko ryongereye icyifuzo cyo kubika ingufu, kogosha impinga, guhinduranya inshuro, no gukora neza.Ku rundi ruhande, uturere tumwe na tumwe turacyafite ikibazo cy’umuvuduko ukabije w’umucyo n’umuriro w'amashanyarazi, nka Qinghai, Mongoliya Imbere, Hebei, n'ibindi. Hamwe no kubaka icyiciro gishya cy'amashanyarazi manini manini y’amashanyarazi y’amashanyarazi, byitezwe ko ingufu nini nini nini ya gride ihuza amashanyarazi bizana igitutu kinini kumikoreshereze no gukoresha ingufu nshya mugihe kizaza.Umubare w'amashanyarazi mashya mu gihugu uteganijwe kurenga 20% muri 2025. Iterambere ryihuse ry’ingufu nshya zashyizweho bizatuma kwiyongera kwingufu zibikwa.

3. Ingufu zikenerwa zihinduka ingufu zisukuye mugihe cyo gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi

Mugihe cyogukwirakwiza amashanyarazi, ingufu zikenerwa zagiye zihinduka kuva mumbaraga gakondo nkibicanwa bya fosile bijya mumashanyarazi meza.Ihinduka rigaragarira mu guhindura ibinyabiziga bya peteroli biva mu binyabiziga bigana ku mashanyarazi, ibyinshi muri byo bikoreshwa n’ingufu zishobora kugabanywa.Mugihe amashanyarazi asukuye arushijeho kuba ingenzi, icyifuzo cyo kubika ingufu kizakomeza kwiyongera kugirango gikemure ibibazo rimwe na rimwe no guhuza itangwa n’ibikenerwa n’amashanyarazi.

4. Kugabanuka kubiciro byo kubika ingufu

Ikigereranyo cyo ku isi LCOE yo kubika ingufu cyaragabanutse kiva kuri 2.0 kigera kuri 3.5 Yuan / kWt muri 2017 kigera kuri 0.5 kigera kuri 0.8 yu / kilowati mu 2021, bikaba biteganijwe ko kizakomeza kugabanuka kugera kuri [0.3 kugeza 0.5 Yuan / kWt mu 2026. Kugabanuka kw'ububiko bw'ingufu ibiciro biterwa ahanini niterambere ryikoranabuhanga rya batiri, harimo kuzamura ubwinshi bwingufu, kugabanya ibiciro byinganda no kongera ubuzima bwa bateri.Kugabanuka guhoraho kwibiciro byo kubika ingufu bizamura iterambere ryinganda zibika ingufu.

Ukeneye ibisobanuro birambuye, nyamuneka reba Raporo y'Ubushakashatsi ku Isoko Ryerekeye Isoko n'amahirwe yo gushora imari mu nganda zo kubika ingufu ku isi zashyizwe ahagaragara n'ikigo cy'ubushakashatsi mu bucuruzi mu Bushinwa.Muri icyo gihe, Ikigo cy’ubushakashatsi mu bucuruzi bw’Ubushinwa gitanga kandi serivisi nkamakuru manini y’inganda, ubwenge bw’inganda, raporo y’ubushakashatsi mu nganda, igenamigambi ry’inganda, igenamigambi rya parike, gahunda y’imyaka cumi n'itanu y’imyaka itanu, ishoramari ry’inganda n’ibindi bikorwa